Women Within The Society Of The Huli People - 962 Words

In Wayward Women, Wardlow explores roles of women within the society of the Huli people in Papua New Guinea. Within their society, Huli women are treated as a commodity. They are servants to their husbands and those that attempt to fight this system are labeled as pasinja meri, a derogative term given to those who try to escape the system. Huli women are oppressed and commoditized by the Huli system of brideswealth for their value as a sexual product instead of as people. The Huli society is very clearly patriarchal in nature. Men are allowed many freedoms in the public that are unavailable to women due to the Huli belief that men belong in the â€Å"hama† the public realm. It is here that men can achieve status, power, and a good reputation. Women, however, have their place within the â€Å"anda†, the private family realm (Wardlow 56) They are expected to care for the man’s lands, cook their food, and bear and care for their children. Women are â€Å"fenced in† by the men in a relationship that is supposed to be mutually beneficial. The men are supposed to protect the women in exchange for care of their household and lands. If a woman tries to fight the oppression and become pasinja meri, they are said to have brukim (broken) their fence. The fence (which may be either physical or mental) is said to keep the women in good behavior, but as one who has grown up in the western world with their cultures, I see only the oppr ession that the fence represents. Though the Huli may see theShow MoreRelatedWhat is Agency?1495 Words   |  6 Pagesreadings. The readings that I have connected with most and that I feel help the discussion of this essay are, Holly Wardlows ‘Wayward Women’, which is the main text behind this essay and Kawika Tengans ‘Native Men Remade’. Agency is the capability of individuals to act independently and to make their own free choices. It is also the perception that each human individual within a culture has the ability to determine and choose by free will his/her actions, beliefs, etc. This varies the idea that we areRead MoreNg Diskriminasyong Nararanasan Ng Mga Katutubong Aeta Sa Kamay Ng Mga Pilipino11963 Words   |  48 Pagespartikular na nga ang mga Aeta. Sila ay tampulan ng tukso at pokus sa katatawanan. Upang higit na maunawaan ang diskriminasyong dinaranas ng mga Aeta, isinaad ng mananaliksik na may isang kanta sa lugar na tumutukoy sa mga ito, ito ang isinasaad sa kanta, â€Å"People of the mountains who eat lizards for their food.† Inilarawan naman ni Merton sa kanyang sanaysay sa dyaryo na â€Å"Discrimination and the American Creed† ang isang babaeng black American na hindi natanggap sa trabaho dahil siya ay isang itim na nagpapakita

How Democracy Is The Only System Of Governance - 1789 Words

During my investigation for the CIA I visited several autocracies, some successful, some not. I also visited several democracies some struggling and some unrivaled in their success. Although there are cons of each system of government I have come to the conclusion that democracy is the only system of governance that would fit best with the United States of America and set it up for success in the future. Democracy is defined as a â€Å"government by the people; a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral system.†1 The United States of America is meant to be ruled by many instead of a select few. A broad participation in government now more than ever is key in order to get through these tough times and come out a stronger more resilient country. A democracy will not be as easy or as clean cut as a autocracy but it will be the right thing to do for the country’s s uccess in the long run, socially, economically and to stay the strong world power that we are. In democracy the right decisions may not be made all the time. But there tends to be a happy medium that makes sure everyone gets a little bit of what they wanted in a democracy. Instead of one person or a small group of people controlling the country a democracy is a collaboration of many different groups and ideas. As a specialist in my field I feel like these qualities that democracy gives to the government is key toShow MoreRelatedDemocracy Outweighs The Other Forms of Goverment Essay1288 Words   |  6 PagesEven though democracy has been in existence since the ancient Greek, it rose to prominence in the twentieth century with a large number of countries shifting to democracy. This transition to democracy has sprung up a debate over its appropriateness as a system of government, with some supporting it as an ideal system while others coining it as the vilest form of government. Altho ugh it is argued that democracy and economic growth do not go hand in hand, nevertheless, democracy is not the vilest formRead MoreDemocracy Throughout the World1303 Words   |  5 Pagesthem to be free!!! Democracy is best defined as a type of governance where all entitled people contribute similarly either in an indirect or direct way in the process of elections in the purpose of contributing to development and establishment of rules. Nowadays, we are living in the core of a world surrounded by plenty of wars and each war maker tends to claim that he is fighting under the name of liberty and that he is yearning to reach democracy. The concept of democracy is very important andRead MorePolitical Science And Its Influence On The Country s Current Situation Essay985 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Political Science teaches us about how political power is dispersed, how different governments operate and interact, how rules are made and enforced. We will come to know both the who of politics, such as international organizations, politicians, and the public, and the how†, such as political institutions, elections, and public administration. Politics have its essence in every aspect of our lives, including the availability of education, jobs, housing and healthcare. Whatever governmentRead MoreAmerica s Establishment Of Democratization1498 Words   |  6 PagesIn the year 507B.C, Cleisthenes introduced a system that incorporated political reforms and named it demokratia. The new structure imposed a type of governance encompassing a rule by the people (Bury 101). In order to implement the mechanism of the governance, Cleisthenes derived three institutions which constituted the Ekklesia (the governing body), the boule (council of representatives) and the dikasteria (courts wh ich citizens argued out cases). Romans on the other hand are considered imperialistsRead MoreDemocracy And Its Underlying Aspect1509 Words   |  7 Pagesthe word â€Å"democracy† with its underlying aspect – freedom. However, the freedom in each society is exercised to the different extent. That is why every democratic society is different. First, let’s define democracy. â€Å"Modern political democracy is a system of governance in which rulers are held accountable for their actions in the public realm by citizens, acting indirectly through the competition and cooperation of their elected representative† (P. C. Schmitter, T. L. Karl 76). The system of governanceRead MoreGood Governance and Human Rights1107 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Good governance and human rights are considered as key ingredients to economic growth. Nowadays few, if any, politicians and political scientists alike, would deny that democracy (good governance and human rights) and economic development are correlated. This link has long been argued as indispensible to the development of the African continent and that the African countries should embrace the â€Å"Rule of Law† in as far as good governance and human rights within their constitutionalRead MoreThe Tension That Exists Between Democratic Governance And1723 Words   |  7 PagesThe tension that exists between democratic governance and constitutionalism is present since the idea of a constitutional democracy can be interpreted as both an oxymoron and a tautology. As explained in the scholarly piece edited by Richard Bellamy, when the term constitutional democracy is interpreted as an oxymoron a person can argue that a constitution by its very nature restrains and divides power, however, a democracy implies that the power be ultimately a unified and unconstrained exerciseRead MoreWhy Is Islamic Democracy?913 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstand exactly what I mean when discussing Islamic democracy. Essentially, the only democracy that we in the west know is western democracy. This democracy is what the textbooks teach, and while it is perfectly functioning in our society, it may not be the same in nations which are not functioning in the same framework that we are so familiar with. That is to say, it cannot be expected for a Muslim nation to willingly and easily accept western democracy, and as is eloquently summed up in this statementRead MoreThe Good Society By Alan Draper And Ansil Ramsay1206 Words   |  5 PagesOur class has been focused sin ce day one about â€Å"good governance†. There are many definitions as to what good governance could look like. It could change from country to country, all the way down to person to person. Someone in Iran is more likely to say the way the Iranians govern is better than the United States than someone anywhere else. There are some generally accepted guidelines, but some other institutions have a different focus. In class, we have read from multiple sources, such as â€Å"The GoodRead More The Marginalization of Minority Groups in The Electoral System1362 Words   |  6 Pagesminority groups in the electoral system impedes a comprehensive representation by further entrenching and aggravating ethnic division. The lack of minority representation in political-decision making has limited the ability of a true representative democracy to come into fruition. The inconsistency of elected assemblies mirroring the population has decreased the representation of ethnic minorities and d eepened the racial and ethnic cleavages. Reforming the electoral system to accommodate proportional

To The Grils Who Are Going to College Tone Essay Free Essays

â€Å"To Girls Who Are Going to College† by Helen Keller, Keller uses an overarching passionate tone that shifts from reminiscent to Instructive In order to strengthen college women’s confidence. Through repetition of the word â€Å"you†, Keller comes across as sentimental, almost as if she is trying to recall her own memories in the eyes of the reader. By trying to reenact her memories in the form of writing, Keller succeeds in drawing the audience together to sympathize with college women. We will write a custom essay sample on To The Grils Who Are Going to College Tone Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now On the other hand, women visualize themselves through her memories and become reassured that everything will work out fine. Seller’s reflective tone is mainly seen in the beginning of the essay, but her nostalgia carries on throughout the whole passage. As the nostalgia starts to fade away towards the end of the reading, Keller transitions into a more commanding, motherly type role and takes advantage of the use of imperative words to convince college women to follow her, while not sounding o hostile. Sentences start off with authoritative verbs and turn into pieces of advice, such as â€Å"do not forget†, â€Å"Learn from your books†, and â€Å"Rebel against the hardness and injustice†. Keller asserts her ideas in a more friendly and loving way, which enables the audience to obey her advice without thinking she is too authoritative. In return, college women feel empowered by her insights and gain strength leading up to the school year. Helen Keller manages to speak to the audience through her passion by petition and verb usage. By connecting her own memories with the future, Keller enables women to see things through her own eyes. She helps them realize, through use of an overarching passionate tone, that most things will not be expected, but to still push through either way. To The Grills Who Are Going to College Tone Essay By Nikolas passionate tone that shifts from reminiscent to instructive in order to strengthen college women’s confidence. Through repetition of the word â€Å"you†. How to cite To The Grils Who Are Going to College Tone Essay, Essays

Strategic Project Management Of Burj Khalifa †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Project Management Of Burj Khalifa. Answer: Background Of Case Burj Dubai was renamed to Burj Khalifa and is located at Downtown, Dubai(ArabianBusiness, 2017). It is the tallest building as of now in whole world. The building construction has started in January 2004 and then after it reached the storied level of 141 during July 2007 it made the first world record of the tallest building, then again after it reached 150 storied in September 2007 it received award tallest standing structure and after it attained a height of 160 storied in April 2008 has again received award and finally it was inaugurated in 4th January 2010(DubaiCityGuide, 2010). The project has 160 storeys and a total height is 2717 feet(Israel, 2010). To build the structure around 33 thousand Cubic Meter of concrete is used. To build the mega building around 22 Million Man-Hours are invested. It also has the highest going elevator in the world(Emaar PJSC, 2016). Instead of having so many world records in its name and attaining such a large recognition in the world, it has some of the common mistakes which are continuously challenging the building for its success and claiming as a failure even. We shall now go through few literature reviews to conclude. Discussion Of Standard Criteria By Literature Review Burj Khalifa has brilliant records of attaining such a height, but it also has some spots in its name. During the course of the project many fortune happened which has caused delay in the construction schedule. In the total span of the project, twice there was labour strike happened, once the reason was the less compensation is being provided by the contractor and the lowest rate was not revised since long whereas the labours were compelled to work for 12 hours. So one fine day they decided to sit on strike, around 2000 labours went on strike and the job was held up for many days, but no official confirmation regarding the way it was resolved could be found, the labours were again compelled and pressurised by the government to start working or else there can be severe consequences and had to return to work. Once again after few months they went to strike for the want of clean labour camp. The hygiene factor of the labour camp was very poor; they had to live in the pathetic situation( Pile, 2017). Even the sanitation arrangements were also not done properly. There were many cases of suicide of labours by falling from the buildings. Many had to leave the place and go back to their own countries. But gradually the strike was withdrawn and the construction activity continued, but the instances has put a set back at the progress and the phycology of the labour, which could have put many issues in quality and time and so the cost of the building increased and the management had to face an indirect raise in cost of the building. Now let us discuss some facts about the planning and execution or theproject management mess which has happened during the construction of the worlds tallest building. The project was estimated for around 875 Million USD(Bartleby, 2013), but because of various external factor and risks the budget went up nearly 100% overrun. The different factors which have impacted the project are the no or very less risk assessment was exercise was done at the time of planning and so the time and cost both got overrun. Few other issues in the construction project were the economic crisis in Dubai during 2004. Which was caused due to burst of the bubble which was formed during the years in Dubai and especially it was mainly due to the unnecessary high rate of the real estates. So when the bubble burst that time Dubai was having a debt of 25 Billion USD(Oath Inc, 2010). And out of the total GDP of Abu Dhabi around 26% was being shared by the construction industry and out of which 50% of the whole construction was being shared by Burj Khalifa. So we can very well understand how much the building and its billing cycle could have been impacted due to the economic crisis. Many bills of the execution contractors were on hold, the labours were unable to get their wages on time and many more such issues, and this also caused the labour down cycle and had to leave the country and return to their own countries. The labours were mainly from India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. The debt which caused the Dubai economic crisis could be averted by roll over of 20 Billion USD by two banks in Abu Dhabi(Reuters Staff, 2014). But it has certainly put its deep mark in the economy of Dubai and the real estate prices which were going around 20% of yearly increment has now gone down by 140% since 2012. The result is such the astronomical price of 2,450 USD per square foot has gone down to around 721 USD per square foot(Zeveloff, 2012). So the expensive building which was built with overrun budget of around 1.5 Billion USD and that too has to face many labour strike and economic crisis has finally came to end and got inaugurated on January 4, 2010 with massive ceremony. The organisation Turner Constructions was doing theproject management job for the building. Being the worlds tallest; no previous experience was available and none of the resources could provide some overview by studying the lessons learnt of previous such project. Theproject management activity was poor which cause delay of the project by around nine months(Walid Bowman, 2017). This consultant is the one of the renowned consultancy service provider in US. But in spite of having such good group, they failed to perform the risk analysis properly and the pre-execution checklist was not followed properly. The labour camp condition was not designed for such a big mass which has to come for the construction of the building, so proper mobilisation plan was not done. Identification And Justification Of Criteria A building is developed for residing people and of course such a massive building was built for such very rich people only. Everything the design, architectural view and all sorts of world records were the good side of the project. But the fault was in basic needs and necessity assessment and any mega project is built to suit the condition which has changed now. The bubble in the real estate buildings has already busted. The rates of the real estate building were as high as 2,450 USD per square foot and it has now gone as low as 721 USD per square foot. Whereas the estimated cost of the building has gone up from 875 Million USD to 1.5 Billion USD. So the cost analysis which was done prior to the start of the project and now the ground price is having a difference of hell and heaven. All projects are developed with an aim of earning; some are quick payback period and some with long, but overall in this case there is still a large between the revenue and expenditure has still remained. One more criteria on which we can even analyse is the reasons for such delay and find the root cause to define better that whether this was a mess or a success. The delay caused in the project was around 9 months and it has faced the crisis and labour problem. But the root cause shall be discussed in the next section. Analysis Of The Case Based On The Criteria A project can be seen from many angles. Throughout the internet it can be found as a success story as such a large mega project could come out with positive message that in spite of the labour issues and economic crisis it could be built and finally operationalized. The issue were the cost got escalated due to extra add in scopes which were not envied since beginning and the crisis in labour might have also added to the cosy estimates. So it can be clearly identified that theproject management team has failed to estimate the total scope of work and the cost was so below estimated. The proper analyses of different criteria were not done before the start of the project. Moreover we can see that there were around 9 months of delay in the completion schedule. This might have caused due to the issues we discussed in the literature review portion, where many subject experts has commented the root cause of the delay and one of them was the labour issue which has delayed the project and broke the morals of the labour too. The issue could have been averted by preplanning of the resource requirement. The scope itself was estimated wrong, so the resources too and the labour camp arrangement s were not adequate to accommodate such a huge labour requirement of around 40,000 at a time and were been recruited by Arabtech and esteemed construction organisation in Gulf countries. If the estimation by project management group had been done correctly, there would not been any differences in the scope of work and the resource mobilisation planning too. So due to poor project management work the project has to face a delay of 9 months and even the cost was escalated b y around 100% to whooping 1.5 Billion USD. So, if we look at it from the project management angle, it can be clearly seen that the project has failed in cost estimates. A project which has got 9 months of delay and cost overrun of around 100% can never be termed as success. Conclusion From the above study it can be concluded that the project Burj Khalifa was a massive construction which involved around 22 Million man-hours of work including the project management and other coordination activities and could be built with around 1.5 Billion USD with 9 months of delay. But the delays could have been averted except the one which was caused due to the economic crisis in Dubai. So if the project management activities would have been done well prior to the start of the project, then the loss and the time overrun could have been minimised to some extent. But the good point is even after having so many hard core issues the building could be completed and got inaugurated in January 2010. For a project, as maintaining the balance between the triple crisis that is the time cost and resources are important but also the completion is important otherwise the whole effort could have gone to waste. So the final outcome cannot be commented that whether it was a success or failure, because from project management point of view it has certainly got failed but from the angle of architecture it is a world class marvellous piece of work built by the king of Dubai. Recommendations If the project is to be done in future then the issues we discussed above shall not be repeated again. So the detailed risk analysis and scope planning should be done in advance so that the infrastructures can be made available from the beginning of the project itself. The mess which has occurred here with the labour camp can be averted and the cost overrun also could have been avoided except the impact of economic crisis. But for all such unknown unknowns the risk response reserve should be kept aside as management reserve which can help in such crisis period of the project life cycle and can keep the momentum going. References ArabianBusiness, 2017. Six years of success: 'The biggest challenge for the team behind Burj Khalifa was the fact it was working in unchartered territory'. [Online] Available at: https://www.arabianbusiness.com/six-years-of-success-the-biggest-challenge-for-team-behind-burj-khalifa-was-fact-it-was-working-in-unchartered-territory--617162.html [Accessed 8 September 2017]. Bartleby, 2013. Burj Khalifa - Success or Failure?: Project Management Perspective. [Online] Available at: https://www.bartleby.com/essay/Burj-Khalifa-Success-or-Failure-Project-Management-F3C86MEKVC [Accessed 8 September 2017]. DubaiCityGuide, 2010. Burj Khalifa Milestones. [Online] Dubai City Guide Available at: https://www.dubaicityguide.com/site/burj/milestones.asp [Accessed 8 September 2017]. Emaar PJSC, 2016. Facts Figures. [Online] Burj Khalifa Available at: https://www.burjkhalifa.ae/en/the-tower/factsandfigures.aspx [Accessed 8 September 2017]. Israel, B., 2010. 10 Things You Didn't Know About the Burj Khalifa, the New Tallest Building in the World. [Online] Available at: https://blogs.discovermagazine.com/80beats/2010/01/04/10-things-you-didnt-know-about-the-burj-khalifa-the-new-tallest-building-in-the-world/#.WbNw93ThXIU [Accessed 8 September 2017]. Janela, M., 2014. 8 Burj Khalifa records for Skyscraper Day. [Online] Guinness World Records Available at: https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2014/9/8-burj-khalifa-records-for-skyscraper-day-59996 [Accessed 8 September 2017]. Oath Inc, 2010. Burj Khalifa: Dubai Opens Worlds Tallest Building Amid Crisis (PHOTOS). [Online] Available at: https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/01/04/burj-dubai-dubai-opening-_n_410190.html [Accessed 8 September 2017]. Pile, T., 2017. The good, bad and ugly sides to Dubai. [Online] Available at: https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/travel/article/2058979/good-bad-and-ugly-sides-dubai [Accessed 8 September 2017]. Reuters Staff, 2014. UAE, Abu Dhabi roll over $20 billion of Dubai's debt. [Online] Business News Available at: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-emirates-dubai-debt/uae-abu-dhabi-roll-over-20-billion-of-dubais-debt-idUSBREA2F0EQ20140316 [Accessed 8 September 2017]. Walid, T. Bowman, D., 2017. Burj Dubai facing 9-month delay. [Online] Arabian Business Available at: https://www.arabianbusiness.com/burj-dubai-facing-9-month-delay-48582.html [Accessed 8 September 2017]. Zeveloff, J., 2012. Dubai's Burj Khalifa Is A Complete Flop With Buyers. [Online] Business Insider Inc. Available at: https://www.businessinsider.com/dubais-magnificent-burj-khalifa-is-a-complete-flop-with-buyers-2012-7?IR=T [Accessed 8 September 2017].